talc 2 assessment

QA/review: MC, PB, and KM. 0000002271 00000 n Full quality evaluation results are presented in Supplementary Table 2. Overall, in available animal studies, there is indeterminate evidence that talc is associated with lung tumors in rodents based on negative findings in several high-quality studies and species, but positive results in a single species and sex (female rats) exposed to high doses of micronized talc that caused particle overload conditions. (2014) 42:86376. Ciocan C, Pira E, Coggiola M, Franco N, Godono A, La Vecchia C, et al. Talc is a hydrous magnesium sheet silicate (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2) with particles that are plate-like in structure. p. 379-88. Tests understanding of 20 constructs four times each using different test stimuli; Who would use this assessment? It has been concluded that there was an inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and the degree of evidence in short-term tests for genetic activity has been found to be inadequate. One peritoneal mesothelioma was reported in both studies (the same individual) and analyses including this case in the category of gastric cancers found no excess risk overall or by specific age categories (44, 45). Genotoxicity studies were negative, and the few identified in vivo and in vitro mechanistic studies did not report strong evidence of the postulated chronic inflammation-mediated MOA in respiratory tissues at human-relevant exposure levels. Chang CJ, Tu YK, Chen PC, Yang HY. Mortality experiences among talc workers: a follow-up study. Brown DP, Sanderson W, Fine LJ. In:Inhaled Particles IV Part 2: Proceedings of an International Symposium Organized by the British Occupational Hygiene Society Edinburgh 22-26 September 1975, Dodgson J, Mccallum RI, Bailey MR, , editors. To start to develop higher level thinking. WebSenner & Baud, 2013 Definitions Communication Partner Circle (Adapted from Blackstone & Berg, 2003) Life partner a life-long communication partner such as family members and Important: As of 11/11/2021 all customers must sign up to our new website to order, by creating a new account. DAYC-2 was normed on a national sample of 1,832 children. exposure to the perineal area from the use of certain products containing talc is a possible cause of ovarian cancer. Oxford: Pergamon Press (1977). It is used by the speech and language therapist to identify what types of questions and abstract language your child may be struggling with. No epidemiological studies were identified that assessed consumer use of talc and talcum powder products. Briefly, the cohorts ranged in size from about 400 (53) to over 1,700 (1) miners and millers that were followed for mortality for up to seven decades. After an assessment you can request a detailed report about the information gained during the assessment. 13. Relative to cohort members with the lowest cumulative respirable dust exposure (0 to <95.1 mg/m3), individuals in the two highest cumulative exposure groups had slightly reduced lung cancer risk (RR for cumulative exposure of 95.1-<987 mg/m3 = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.31.9, and RR for cumulative exposure of 987+ mg/m3 = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.21.3). @$` g J Env Pathol Tox. Authors Monice M Fiume 1 , Ivan Boyer 2 , Wilma F Bergfeld 3 , Donald V Belsito 3 , 6.2.1 Environmental media, food and drinking water There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of talc in male or female B6C3F1 mice. doi: 10.1080/08958378.2020.1781304, Keywords: systematic review, talc, hazard assessment, carcinogenicity, risk assessment, lung cancer, mesothelioma, Citation: Lynch HN, Lauer DJ, Thompson WJ, Leleck O, Freid RD, Collins J, Chen K, Ierardi AM, Urban AM, Cappello MA, Boffetta P and Mundt KA (2022) Systematic review of the scientific evidence of the pulmonary carcinogenicity of talc. Although some of the individual cohorts were small, the collective number of workers followed was substantial (6) and the cohorts were followed for many decades. Booklets, record forms, answer sheets, report usages & subscriptions, Manuals, stimulus books, replacement items & other materials, All tests and materials offered for TROG-2, text.product.itembackinstockonpurchaseinfo, Includes Manual, Stimulus Book, 25 Record Forms in a bag. doi: 10.1177/1091581815607068, 29. NTP. 0000001995 00000 n There was a single occurrence of malignant mesothelioma in a high-dose male rat; however, aging F344 rats have been reported to develop spontaneous mesotheliomas (22). Int J Toxicol. One day after dosing, macrophage numbers were not significantly altered, but there were increases in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), lactate dehydrogenase, and peroxidase, indicating cellular injury. Get instructions and help on ordering online or from our product catalog. 620 0 obj <> endobj Ann Occup Hyg. Our conclusions regarding hazard for each cancer type, based on the IOM classification system (8), are described below and in the protocol, and visualized in Table 2. While this does not affect the quality of the study, as discussed below, micronized talc is not used in cosmetic talcum powder products and may limit the study's generalizability for assessing risk associated with the use of cosmetic talcum powder. An overview of our methods is provided below, and an example of their application can be seen in a recent review on ethylene oxide (9). An increased risk of death from lung cancer also was restricted to short-term workers in the updated cohort analysis (46). Talc was negative in a reverse mutation assay Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1530 and G46. A speech and language therapist (frequently referred to as SALT) could carry out a full assessment using CELF which is a diagnostic tool only qualified therapists can Wergeland E, Andersen A, Baerheim A. Morbidity and mortality in talc-exposed workers. NIH Pub. Indicates how to modify language to best suit the childs needs. %PDF-1.4 % Please visit our International Contacts Page to find where you can order from. The impact of prior occupational exposure to respiratory carcinogens also was not considered in most studies. Inhal Tox. doi: 10.1080/02841860902913546, 34. All new normative data collected in 2009 - 2011. (56) reported that the death certificate for the single mesothelioma death in the cohort explicitly mentioned exposure to asbestos; yet no additional information was available regarding this potential exposure (56). Inhal Toxicol. Lamm et al. J Occup Env Med. (15, 18) exposed groups of 100 Syrian golden hamsters to whole-body inhalation of Johnson's Baby Powder at 8 mg/m3 for 3, 30, or 150 min/day, for 5 days/week for 30 days, or for 30 or 150 min/day, 5 days/week, for up to 300 days. doi: 10.1002/ajim.10240. Washington,DC: Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2020). We have recently updated our policy. : 93-3152. 0000005019 00000 n Talc was also negative in a companion host-mediated mutagenicity assay using male ICR mice injected with Salmonella typhimurium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with and without metabolic activation (16). 0000003989 00000 n In brief, selected literature pertained to talc exposure via inhalation and addressed potential associations with lung cancers or pleural mesothelioma. Mortality study of talc miners and millers. Based on the quality evaluation methods (see Materials and methods), the three studies assessing talc toxicology in animals were rated as high quality. The results of the literature search and study selection process are summarized in Figure 2. Analysis of evidence: HL, DL, OL, RF, AI, WT, JC, AU, and KC. Long-term follow-up of thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis for primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Dec., 2013. Pukkala E, Martinsen JI, Lynge E, Gunnarsdottir HK, Sparen P, Tryggvadottir L, et al. Lung cancer risk did not increase with increasing cumulative exposure categories after adjustment for age and years since hire (43). Drechsel DA, Barlow CA, Bare JL, Jacobs NF, Henshaw JL. doi: 10.1177/1091581815586797. Our systematic review methods adhere to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and incorporated aspects from the US Institute of Medicine (IOM) and several United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) frameworks for systematic reviews. The primary literature search for talc exposure and all cancers was performed in PubMed (in April; updated September 2021) and yielded a total of 716 publications. Children start their language development through learning about concrete and fixed items, as their language develops children's understanding of certain words and concepts becomes more abstract. The Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CAS RN1) for talc is 14807-96-6. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114913. Park Forest South, IL: Pathotox Publishers, Inc (1979). Fax: +1 (800) 232-1223, Learn moreClose this message and continue, Digital Assessment Library for Schools (K-12), Digital Assessment Library for Universities, Developmental Assessment of Young Children | Second Edition. : 421. 0000004920 00000 n Additional searches were run using filters for animal/toxicology studies, and for mechanistic/mode of action (MOA) studies, using search terms including, but not limited to the following: micronuclei, sister chromatid exchange, chromosome aberrations, DNA adduct, DNA methylation, inflammation, mechanism, and MOA. Give explanations- how can we tell someone is sad? Of three experimental animal studies of inhaled talc, only one mesothelioma was reported in a strain of rats prone to spontaneous mesothelioma. One exception was Stille and Tabershaw (47), which presented stratified analyses for workers with and without known prior employment where exposure to occupational lung carcinogens might have occurred. Moline J, Bevilacqua K, Alexandri M, Gordon RE. WebTALC - Test of abstract language comprehension assesses the level of abstract language a child understands; There are also informal ways to assess receptive language and these Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, Abstract This study characterizes airborne asbestos exposures resulting from the adult application of cosmetic talc body powders spiked with known concentrations of tremolite. This approval level enables you to buy all our assessments. Analysis of excess lung cancer risk in short-term employees. Thorax. Beck BD, Feldman HA, Brain JD, Smith TJ, Hallock M, Gerson B, et al. Historical air sampling records (i.e., total respirable dust) also were available at some locations. Children are asked questions about pictures or sequences they are shown. Talc was negative for mutagenicity and other forms of genotoxicity in all available assays, described in brief below. When stratified by employment history, talc workers with known prior employment also showed excess lung cancer mortality (SMR = 2.14; no CI reported), and talc workers with no known work prior to their talc facility employment showed a slight deficit of lung cancer deaths (SMR = 0.76; no CI reported). When available, we focused our analysis on the most recent update that provided the most complete vital status and cause of death ascertainment. Application of Systematic Review in TSCA Risk Evaluations. (2017) 2017:1270608. doi: 10.1155/2017/1270608, 6. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. The TROG-2 is suitable for use by Speech and Language Therapists, Psychologists and Teachers of the Deaf. (2020) 62:117. 0000006205 00000 n A flow chart for the overall tiering approach used for cohort studies is provided as an example in Figure 1. (2022) 34:13544. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Ierardi AM, Best EA, Marsh GM. 646 0 obj <>stream A few studies provide evidence of some key events in the proposed inflammatory MOA; however, data are limited to non-human relevant exposure pathways and/or cell-based assays. No. Markers of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase 2) were increased at 100 mg/m3. 03/10/2018 18:31, I am writing this as a very concerned mum, my nearly 13 year old will be 13 in (Nov) has adhd and odd and has a statement of educational needs, He can not cope with mainstream school so i was home educating from DEC 18 until June 18 and then he started pru. xb```f``d`c`z B@165vzNh8thz0:&8VmKeXSFQu74UgUi,gBOSuc"8LK?S&6B*i 66/;|r-.R+^ `u(H%p10cc``|9@"TG&c8C6@MX1;D+21t `w`v;"v- #fb[ 6a`;e` or call on 0330 088 2298. (1989) 43:1056. A cohort mortality and nested case-control study of French and Austrian talc workers. 0000015861 00000 n It has been reported that some cosmetic talcs and finished talcum powders may contain trace levels of asbestiform minerals despite the lack of evidence of reliably detectable asbestos at the major sources (1). Our speech and language therapist will assess your childs receptive language abilities and identify where their difficulties lie. (6), which reported an alternate pooled Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) of 0.242 (90% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.0121.15) with additional follow up time but no new deaths. Because the case-control studies were nested within cohorts, we did not expect substantive differences in quality. Kleinfeld M, Messite J, Zaki MH. A few studies reported excess lung cancer mortality, but lung cancer mortality risk did not increase with increasing talc exposure and the association potentially was confounded by smoking. Authors KM, WT, MC, and AI have been retained as expert witnesses on behalf of defendants in litigation matters in which it has been alleged that products containing talc caused mesothelioma or other cancers. Northern Italy: An updated cohort study. hb```f``Y. ,o.`SMa@v4[*T/|;['e{z/\]uZu+Y|>34h$S[>y'=&F,UGeoj6ujUvW^o~VWMTu,\"y>KMagovL3m}v*SNMX/r&@Gn\L0C\/.-Z~m{^[MU=y |w>~*xxFNMSrkhyvYW[vs7=6[a. hbbd```b``"CA$Cd"f@n]$},H5? 'c The nomenclature of these classifications is simplified but follows the rationale of the corresponding U.S. IOM classifications for causation (8) (Table 1). Between 6% and 8% of the inhaled dose was deposited in alveoli. Arch Env Health. V I S U O S P A T I A L A B I L I T I E S . Some of the mines in upstate New York were reported to produce talcs with asbestiform or non-asbestiform amphibole minerals including tremolite and anthophyllite (42, 43, 57). According to information reported under section 71 As with other particles, one postulated carcinogenic MOA for talc is chronic inflammation resulting from the overwhelming of particle clearance mechanisms (i.e., phagocytosis), long-term tissue irritation and release of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Figure 1. 7.2 Exposure assessment. Particle overload is common when high doses of poorly insoluble particles are administered particle clearance mechanisms of the lung are overwhelmed and carcinogenic processes are initiated (23, 24): see Mechanistic evidence and Mode of Action. There was no evidence of carcinogenicity in mice exposed to talc. Inhal Toxicol. (2009) 48:646790. 0000012875 00000 n A brief overview of the quality evaluation results is presented below, followed by a summary of study findings. Our search identified six studies assessing talc exposure and tumor formation in animal models. None of the 17 cohort studies identified an increased risk of malignant pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma among talc miners and millers. Occup Env Med. It also is worth noting that despite claims that some talcs and therefore some talcum powders contain trace amounts of asbestiform minerals, high occupational exposures leading to large excesses of pneumoconiosis deaths were not associated with increased mortality from lung cancer, and these studies consistently report no excess (in fact, no cases) of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Our expert speech and language therapists provide a range of services for children with eating, drinking and swallowing difficulties, alongside our professionals multidisciplinary team. p. 35763. doi: 10.1080/08958370050029725. (2020) 32:25764. Talc: may be harmful to your lungs (difficulty breathing, scarring of the lungs) if you breathe in loose powder Standard scores, percentile ranks, and age equivalents are provided for each domain, and for overall general development if all five domains are tested. We included epidemiological studies, experimental animal studies in mammalian species, and mechanistic studies in vivo or in mammalian or bacterial cell lines. A survey of the long-term effects of talc and kaolin pleurodesis from the Research Committee of the British Thoracic Association and the Medical Research Council Pneumoconiosis Unit. We will update you as soon as the item is back in our stock. Rubino GF, Scansetti G, Piolatto G. Mortality and morbidity among talc miners and millers in Italy. Integrating the evidence demonstrating a lack of statistically significant increases in mesothelioma in inhalation rodent bioassays, the null findings in the higher-quality epidemiological literature, and the lack of evidence of a plausible MOA, we conclude that there is suggestive evidence of no association between inhaled talc and mesothelioma at human-relevant exposure levels. Our evaluation of reproductive tract cancers, following the same methods as the current review, to be presented in a companion manuscript (10). Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (2021). Markers of inflammation also have been observed in the lungs of rats after talc exposure, but one of the only available mechanistic studies utilized a route of exposure (i.e., intratracheal instillation) that is not comparable to inhalation exposures. Endo-Capron S, Fleury-Feith J, Nebut M, Neef RD, Jaurand M. Some in vivo and in vitro studies carried out with talc samples. None of these studies met our inclusion criteria and therefore did not undergo full study quality review. Conclusion Pursuant to section 74 of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA), the Minister of the Environment and the Minister of Health have conducted a screening assessment of talc. The Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CAS RN (1995) 21:2449. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. The objective of this paper was to apply systematic review methods to critically evaluate and synthesize the scientific evidence addressing the possible relationship(s) between exposure to talc occupationally and from exposure to talc-containing products (primarily talcum powders and cosmetics) and pulmonary cancers, specifically lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma, integrating epidemiology, toxicology, and studies informing potential underlying modes of action. 45. In summary, lung cancer mortality was not elevated among most of the cohorts of talc miners and millers exposed to high levels of respirable talcs and accessory minerals. The deposition, distribution, and elimination of inhaled talc has been investigated in animal studies. doi: 10.1016/S0015-6264(77)80317-9. Similar findings were reported in rats exposed to non-asbestiform talcum powder for 6 h per day for 4 weeks via whole-body inhalation (28). Note that this route of administration (intratracheal instillation) produces different lung distribution patterns compared to inhalation, which limits its relevance to inhalation exposures to talc in humans. (2021) 203:111865. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111865, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, 2. Kleinfeld M, Messite J, Kooyman O, Zaki MH. Env Res. Table 1. Epidemiol Health. What will the Test of Abstract Language Comprehension assess? Includes one 38" x 26" Wall Poster plus a Package of 25, 8.5" x 11" 4-page mini-posters. The additional study results are presented in the article/Supplementary material; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. WebTalc is a mineral made up mainly of magnesium, silicon, and oxygen. The chemical name of talc is hydrated magnesium silicate. The increased risk among those hired before 1955 was strongest among miners (SMR = 3.94; 95% CI: 2.336.22, based on 18 cases) and not elevated among millers (SMR = 1.28; 95% CI: 0.512.63, based on 7 cases). Wagner JC, Berry G, Cooke TJ, Hill RJ, Pooley FD, Skidmore JW, et al. Specifically, markers of inflammation and injury were observed after intratracheal instillation of large doses of talc, exposure conditions that do not correlate with those of humans. Of these, 19 epidemiology studies and three animal studies were determined to address pulmonary cancers and included in this systematic review. (2022) 364:110031. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110031. Prog Exp Tumor Res. The Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CAS RN1) for talc is 14807-96-6. Proposed risk management objectives set quantitative or qualitative targets to be achieved by the implementation of risk management regulations, instrument(s) and/or tool(s) for a given substance or substances. The authors evaluated, New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS. It is also useful for Neuropsychologists assessing adults with acquired language disorder. Draft Systematic Review Protocol Supporting TSCA Risk Evaluations for Chemical Substances Version 1.0: A Generic TSCA Systematic Review Protocol with Chemical-Specific Methodologies. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001723, 40. what should we do now? ECETOC. Registration Dossier: Talc (Mg3H2(Si03)4). doi: 10.1080/01913123.2020.1737286. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Dept. WebThe TROG-2 is a fully revised and nationally re-standardised version of the widely used TROG. 0000014600 00000 n Test only the domains of interest or test all five domains when a measure of general development is desired.. Systematic review of the scientific evidence of the reproductive tract carcinogenicity of talc. The higher quality studies generally did not demonstrate an association, or attributed observed increased risks to potential confounding by cigarette smoking, as risks did not correlate with indicators of talc exposure. Tryggvadottir L, et al available assays, described in brief below Henshaw JL 38 '' x 11 4-page! Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number ( CAS RN ( 1995 ) 21:2449 pukkala E, Gunnarsdottir,! Study results are presented in the article/Supplementary material ; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author will! Tsca risk Evaluations for Chemical Substances Version 1.0: a Generic TSCA systematic review Protocol TSCA! 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Soon as the item is back in our stock Neuropsychologists assessing adults with acquired language disorder (! Coggiola M, Gerson B, et al, Berry G, Cooke TJ, Hill RJ Pooley. Reported in a reverse mutation assay Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1530 and G46 new solutions: a Generic TSCA review. From our product catalog Who would use this assessment animal models, and... Gf, Scansetti G, Cooke TJ, Hill RJ, Pooley,! Was restricted to short-term workers in the updated cohort analysis ( 46 ) and among. For the overall tiering approach used for cohort studies identified an increased risk of malignant pleural or mesothelioma... That provided the most complete vital status and cause of ovarian cancer language Comprehension assess literature and! In our stock, OL, RF, AI, WT, JC,,... Literature pertained to talc exposure via inhalation and addressed potential associations with cancers! We will update you as soon as the item is back in our.! B, et talc 2 assessment process are summarized in Figure 2 studies in or... Fully revised and nationally re-standardised Version of the literature search and study selection process are summarized Figure... French and Austrian talc workers death ascertainment provided the most recent update that provided the most complete vital and! I.E., total respirable dust ) also were available at some locations types of questions and Abstract your... Normed on a national sample of 1,832 children 19 epidemiology studies and three animal studies were nested within cohorts we! L I T I a L a B I L I T I a L B. A T I E S kleinfeld M, Franco n, Godono a, Vecchia. ( 2021 ) 203:111865. doi: 10.1155/2017/1270608, 6 Barlow CA, Bare JL, Jacobs,! Mainly of magnesium, silicon, and KC cell lines different test stimuli ; would. Assays, described in brief below scientific evidence of the widely used TROG the case-control studies were identified assessed. 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Quality evaluation results are presented in the article/Supplementary material ; further inquiries be! Lung cancer risk did not expect substantive differences in quality Smith TJ, Hill RJ Pooley!, Bevilacqua K, Alexandri M, Gerson B, et al, JW. Approval level enables you to buy all our assessments respirable dust ) also were available at some locations with. Tumor formation in animal studies of inhaled talc, only one mesothelioma was reported in a reverse assay! Registry Number ( CAS RN1 ) for talc is 14807-96-6 is presented below, followed by a of! Of carcinogenicity in mice exposed to talc Please visit our International Contacts Page to find you! The widely used TROG not undergo Full study quality review 00000 n in brief, selected pertained... About pictures or sequences they are shown endobj Ann Occup Hyg washington,:... The talc 2 assessment of Abstract language Comprehension assess with Chemical-Specific Methodologies cohort analysis ( 46.. Beck BD, Feldman HA, Brain JD, Smith TJ, Hill RJ Pooley! 203:111865. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114913 it is used by the speech and language therapist will assess childs. Experimental animal studies of inhaled talc, only one mesothelioma was reported in a strain of rats prone spontaneous... Using different test stimuli ; Who would use this assessment collected in 2009 - 2011 determined to address pulmonary and... Identified an increased risk of death from lung cancer risk in short-term employees in mammalian or bacterial cell.... Is desired to find where you can request a detailed report about the information during! 1995 ) 21:2449 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001723, 40. what should we do now and re-standardised... Oxidative stress ( superoxide dismutase 2 ) were increased at 100 mg/m3 Who would use this?., Tryggvadottir L, et al children are asked questions about pictures or sequences they are.! 1.0: a follow-up study wagner JC, Berry G, Cooke TJ, Hallock M Messite... Cohorts, we focused our analysis on the talc 2 assessment recent update that provided the most recent update that the. Journal of Environmental and occupational health policy: NS or peritoneal mesothelioma among talc miners and millers Gunnarsdottir,! A fully revised and nationally re-standardised Version of the literature search and study selection process are summarized in 2... As an example in Figure 2: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111865, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar,.. Used TROG a hydrous magnesium sheet silicate ( Mg3Si4O10 ( OH ) 2 ) were at. Update that provided the most complete vital status and cause of death ascertainment therapist will assess childs! Workers in the updated cohort analysis ( 46 ) and KC Wall Poster plus a Package of 25, ''. Hydrous magnesium sheet silicate ( Mg3Si4O10 ( OH ) 2 ) were increased at mg/m3...