why did ernest shackleton go to antarctica

Filchner had left Bremerhaven in May 1911; in December 1912, the news arrived from South Georgia that his expedition had failed. Why did Ernest shackleton go to antarctica? A century ago a ship sank beneath the ice of the Weddell Sea off Antarctica. Shackleton was not deterred by his failed attempt with Endurance. Sadly, the expedition was a complete failure. When famed Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton and his crew boarded the Endurance for their fateful 1914-1916 Imperial Trans-Continental Expedition, they probably never imagined their ship's name to be quite so ominous. Broadcast in the US on the A&E Network, it won two Emmy Awards. After sea . On 9 January 1909, Shackleton and three companionsWild, Eric Marshall and Jameson Adamsreached a new Farthest South latitude of 8823'S, a point only 112 miles (180km) from the Pole. Why did Shackleton go to Antarctica? Shackleton served in the British army during World War I and served as a military advisor in the multinational North Russia Expeditionary Force during the Russian Civil War. This ignited his passion for Antarctic . He also socialised with his crew members every evening after dinner, leading sing-alongs, jokes, and games. [33] Although in public they remained mutually respectful and cordial,[36] according to biographer Roland Huntford, Shackleton's attitude to Scott turned to "smouldering scorn and dislike"; salvage of wounded pride required "a return to the Antarctic and an attempt to outdo Scott". None survived the brutal journey home. Like many great tales, Shackleton's story is one of failure. [149] In 2001, the Athy Heritage Centre-Museum (now the Shackleton Museum), Athy, County Kildare, Ireland, established the Ernest Shackleton Autumn School, which is held annually, to honour the memory of Ernest Shackleton. [40] On 9 April 1904, he married Emily Dorman, with whom he had three children: Raymond, Cecily, and Edward, himself an explorer and later a politician.[41]. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Henry-Shackleton, Historic UK - Sir Ernest Shackleton and Endurance, Dictionary of Irish Biography - Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, National Library of Scotland - Biography of Ernest Shackleton, Ernest Henry Shackleton - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Ernest Shackleton - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Ernest Shackleton's South Pole expedition, British Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. During the Nimrod expedition of 19071909, he and three companions established a new record Farthest South latitude at 88S, only 97geographical miles (112statute miles or 180kilometres) from the South Pole, the largest advance to the pole in exploration history. Also, members of his team climbed Mount Erebus, the most active Antarctic volcano. A revival of the vintageand since lostformula for the particular brands found has been offered for sale with a portion of the proceeds to benefit the New Zealand Antarctic Heritage Trust which discovered the lost spirits. The party was in high spirits, despite the difficult conditions; Shackleton's ability to communicate with each man kept the party happy and focused.[53]. Corrections? Getty Images Ernest Shackleton's ship, Endurance, trapped in ice. Ernest Henry Shackleton was born at Kilkea House, County Kildare, on February 15, 1874. Why did Ernest Shackleton want to go to Antarctica? He joined the merchant navy when he was 16 and worked on many different ships. The story that would unfold was to be beyond any expectations and completely different to that planned. Sir Ernest Shackleton's towering ambition and eagerness to explore the unknown led him to undertake the boldest adventure of his life, the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [164], In January 2016, Shackleton featured on a series of UK postage stamps issued by the Royal Mail on the centenary of the Endurance expedition. Shackleton travelled there to join Aurora, and sailed with her to the rescue of the Ross Sea party. He appealed to the Chilean government, which offered the use of the Yelcho, a small seagoing tug from its navy. [58] Shackleton returned to the United Kingdom as a hero, and soon afterwards published his expedition account, Heart of the Antarctic. [147] Other management writers soon followed this lead, using Shackleton as an exemplar for bringing order from chaos. In August 1914 the British Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition (191416) left England under Shackletons leadership. Answer and Explanation: Yes, on his third Antarctic expedition, Ernest Shackleton and his men were forced to Endurance Is Locked in by Ice The goal of expedition leader Shackleton, who had twice fallen shortonce agonizingly soof reaching the South Pole, was to establish a base on Antarctica's Weddell Sea coast. The expedition, prevented by ice from reaching the intended base site in Edward VII Peninsula, wintered on Ross Island, McMurdo Sound. It was led by Robert Falcon Scott, a Royal Navy torpedo lieutenant lately promoted commander,[18] and had objectives that included scientific and geographical discovery. Scottish jute magnate Sir James Caird gave 24,000, Midlands industrialist Frank Dudley Docker gave 10,000, and tobacco heiress Janet Stancomb-Wills gave an undisclosed but reportedly "generous" sum. Sir Ernest Shackleton had his first taste of polar exploration when he travelled with Robert Falcon Scott to the Antarctic in 1901. But he is best known for his heroic leadership after his ship, Endurance, became trapped in pack ice at the start of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914-17. "; and men, provisions and equipment were transferred to camps on the ice. Shackleton served in the British army during World War I and served as a military advisor in the multinational North Russia Expeditionary Force during the Russian Civil War. Why We Still Care About Ernest Shackleton and 'Endurance' - Outside Online Adventure Exploration & Survival Why We Still Care About Ernest Shackleton and 'Endurance' Three experts on. According to Macklin's own account, Macklin told him he had been overdoing things and should try to "lead a more regular life", to which Shackleton answered: "You are always wanting me to give up things, what is it I ought to give up?" He was planning to cross it. The ship, after a drift of many months, had returned to New Zealand. Shackleton was born on 15 February 1874, in Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland. [38] With Sir Clements Markham's blessing, he accepted a temporary post assisting the outfitting of the Terra Nova for the second Discovery relief operation, but turned down the offer to sail with her as chief officer. Shackleton's search for the South Pole Sir Ernest Shackleton had his first taste of polar exploration when he travelled with Robert Falcon Scott to the Antarctic in 1901. Stark images of Shackleton's struggle. [10] He was schooled by a governess until the age of eleven, when he began at Fir Lodge Preparatory School in West Hill, Dulwich, in southeast London. [121] He was finally discharged from the army in October 1919, retaining his rank of major. He attempted a fourth Antarctic expedition, called the Shackleton-Rowett Antarctic Expedition, aboard the Quest in 1921, which had the goal of circumnavigating the continent. But when ice trapped his ship Endurance, his mission instantly changed from exploration to pure survival. [69] Fridtjof Nansen sent an effusive private letter to Emily Shackleton, praising the "unique expedition which has been such a complete success in every respect". [101] Ship's carpenter Harry McNish made various improvements, including raising the sides, strengthening the keel, building a makeshift deck of wood and canvas, and sealing the work with oil paint and seal blood.[101]. [155] That same year, on the date of what would have been Shackleton's 137th birthday, Google honoured him with a Google Doodle. Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton's century-old whisky has been retrieved. [70] He had been in discussions with Douglas Mawson about a scientific expedition to the Antarctic coast between Cape Adare and Gaussberg, and had written to the RGS about this in February 1910. Beardmore was sufficiently impressed with Shackleton to offer financial support,[c][45] but other donations proved hard to come by. "[22], Discovery departed London on 31 July 1901, arriving at the Antarctic coast, via Cape Town and New Zealand, on 8 January 1902. At the age of thirteen, he entered Dulwich College. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton is best known as a polar explorer who was associated with four expeditions exploring Antarctica, particularly the Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition (191416) that he led, which, although unsuccessful, became famous as a tale of remarkable perseverance and survival. [21] Shackleton's particular duties were listed as: "In charge of seawater analysis. In 1921, he returned to the Antarctic with the ShackletonRowett Expedition, but died of a heart attack while his ship was moored in South Georgia. (, This expedition took place under Mawson, without Shackleton's participation, as the, Filchner was able to bring back geographical information that would be of much use to Shackleton, including the discovery of a possible landing site at, Churchill sent Shackleton a one-word telegram on 3 August, Officer of the Order of the British Empire, List of personnel of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, "Endurance: Shackleton's lost ship is found in Antarctic", "At the Bottom of an Icy Sea, One of History's Great Wrecks Is Found", "Ernest Shackleton's ship Endurance, which sank in 1915 near Antarctica, has been found", Sir Ernest Shackleton: Funeral Ceremony In South Georgia: Many Wreaths On Coffin, Shackleton's Last Voyage: the Story of the Quest, "Polar explorer Ernest Shackleton may have had hole in his heart, doctors say", "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", "Shackleton, Sir Ernest Henry of 14 Milnethorpe-road, Eastbourne, knight", "Reliving Shackleton's Epic Endurance Expedition", "Ernest Shackleton Honoured with Birthday Google Doodle", "Team sets out to recreate Shackleton's epic journey", "Sir Ernest Shackleton medals raise 585,000 at auction", "Elation for Adelaide adventurer Tim Jarvis as epic Antarctic trek ends", "Polar Explorer vs. An extended search for an anchorage at King Edward VII Land proved equally fruitless, so Shackleton was forced to break his undertaking to Scott and set sail for McMurdo Sound, a decision which, according to second officer Arthur Harbord, was "dictated by common sense" in view of the difficulties of ice pressure, coal shortage and the lack of any nearer known base. [64][67] Shackleton was also appointed a Younger Brother of Trinity House, a significant honour for British mariners. Over a century after it sank to the depths of the Weddell Sea off the coast of Antarctica, the lost ship of Anglo Irish explorer Ernest Shackleton has been found. [76], Shackleton used his considerable fund-raising skills, and the expedition was financed largely by private donations, although the British government gave 10,000 (about 900,000 in 2019 terms). Shackleton was a romantic adventurer, who became interested in exploration and joined the Royal Geographical Society while still at sea. He planned to cross Antarctica from a base on the Weddell Sea to McMurdo Sound, via the South Pole, but the expedition ship Endurance was trapped in ice off the Caird coast and drifted for 10 months before being crushed in the pack ice. Why did Sir Ernest Shackleton go to Antarctica? The attempt this week to find Sir Ernest Shackleton's missing ship, the Endurance, has ended - without success. Shackleton and. [52] After considerable weather delays, Shackleton's base was eventually established at Cape Royds, about 24 miles (39km) north of Hut Point. He and his crew drifted on sheets of ice for months until they reached Elephant Island. They set sail again on New Year's Day, 1908. "[8] In his final term at the school he was still able to achieve fifth place in his class of thirty-one. After the race to the South Pole ended in December 1911, with Roald Amundsen's conquest, Shackleton turned his attention to the crossing of Antarctica from sea to sea, via the pole. LONDON, Feb. 5, 2010 -- Whisky bottles belonging to the . and I said 'Yes darling, as far as I am concerned'". A sledging party, led by Shackleton, reached within 97 nautical miles (112 statute miles or 180 km) of the South Pole, and another, under T.W. 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