According to the 2000 census, 94.8% of the population aged five and older speak English at home. [287] In 2013, AARP The Magazine named the Billings Clinic one of the safest hospitals in the United States. [326], In a 2020 study, Montana was ranked as the 21st easiest state for citizens to vote in. [37] A number of smaller spur lines operated in Montana from 1881 into the 20th century, including the Oregon Short Line, Montana Railroad, and Milwaukee Road. The United States Census Bureau states that the population of Montana was 1,085,407 on April 1, 2020,[5] an 9.7% increase since the 2010 United States census. [42], The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres (0.65km2) of federal land in the Midwest and western United States. More than a dozen additional military outposts were established in the state. [184] Based on 2013 census numbers, they contain 35 percent of Montana's population,[185] and the counties in which they are located are home to 62 percent of the state's population.[186]. [73], In the post-World War II Cold War era, Montana became host to U.S. Air Force Military Air Transport Service (1947) for airlift training in C-54 Skymasters and eventually, in 1953 Strategic Air Command air and missile forces were based at Malmstrom Air Force Base in Great Falls. Go Find Out Go Find Out, In Montana Montana is the kind of place that, just at the mention of it, sparks curiosity and fuels adventure. [67] In addition, the Council of Defense was made a state agency with the power to prosecute and punish individuals deemed in violation of the Act. Montanans have been a part of several major sporting achievements: Montana provides year-round outdoor recreation opportunities for residents and visitors. [46] In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. Many species of mushrooms and lichens[154] are also found in the state. Federal and state agencies administer approximately 31,300,000 acres (127,000km2), or 35 percent of Montana's land. [198] Other counties with large Native American populations include Blaine, Cascade, Hill, Missoula, and Yellowstone Counties. Montana is called the Treasure State because of its immense mineral wealth. Browse by Montana counties. [193], Montana has a larger Native American population, both numerically and as a percentage, than most U.S. states. In May 2006, then-Governor Brian Schweitzer posthumously issued full pardons for all those convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act. [172][176] According to a study done for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Science, parts of Montana will experience a 200% increase in area burned by wildfires and an 80% increase in related air pollution.[178][179]. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. The first territorial capital was located at Bannack. Montana (/mntn/ (listen)) is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. Yes, it certainly is for those looking for wide open spaces and easy access to natural wonders like the Rocky Mountains and Glacier National Park, Montana can be the ideal place to raise a family or to start your educational Journey at Montana State University in beautiful Bozeman. For other uses, see, "Montanan" redirects here. Every gift, no matter the size, helps Montana State fulfill its land grant mission and provides unparalleled educational opportunities for future generations. Its rivers feed the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay. [285] Equestrian skijoring has a niche in Montana, which hosts the World Skijoring Championships in Whitefish as part of the annual Whitefish Winter Carnival. The state is situated in the Northern Rockies and Plains region in the northwestern United States. The capital moved to Virginia City in 1865 and to Helena in 1875. He lived in Minnesota or Wisconsin, Massachusetts or Maine. Lewistown is also surrounded by five mountain ranges. Montana has only one representative in the U.S. House, having lost its second district in the 1990 census reapportionment. [12] Other names, such as Shoshone, were suggested, but the Committee on Territories decided that they had discretion to choose the name, so the original name of Montana was adopted. [57] In 1910, the Great Falls land office alone had more than a thousand homestead filings per month,[58] and at the peak of 19171918 it had 14,000 new homesteads each year. Discover miles of inspiration here, and find out for yourself. Montana's teacher shortage has improved from the 2021-22 school year. District Courts have the authority to enforce decisions of the Water Court, but only the Montana Supreme Court has the authority to review decisions of the Water Court. [221] Spanish is the language next most commonly spoken at home, with about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4% of the population) in 2011. 2012).Although candidates must remain nonpartisan, spending by partisan entities is now permitted. The Water Court adjudicates water rights claims under the Montana Water Use Act of 1973 and has statewide jurisdiction. Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport is the busiest airport in the state of Montana, surpassing Billings Logan International Airport in the spring of 2013. The latest resources and information from the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services can be found below. These clashes, in part, contributed to the Panic of 1873, a financial crisis that delayed the construction of the railroad into Montana. [12] This time, Rep. Samuel Cox, also of Ohio, objected to the name. All of Montana's four-year colleges and universities field intercollegiate sports teams. Between 1988 and 2006, the pattern flipped, with voters more likely to elect conservatives to federal offices. [293] There are 25 television stations in Montana, representing each major U.S. Land United States: The northern Mountain region Montana The western two-fifths of Montana falls within the Rocky Mountains, and the eastern three-fifths lies upon the Great Plains. This shift continued with the reapportionment of the state's legislative districts that took effect in 1994, when the Republican Party took control of both chambers of the state legislature, consolidating a Republican party dominance that lasted until the 2004 reapportionment produced more swing districts and a brief period of Democratic legislative majorities in the mid-2000s. Montana is called the Treasure State because of its immense mineral wealth. The Clerk of the Montana Supreme Court is also an elected position and serves a six-year term. Between many mountain ranges are several rich river valleys. [7] The economy is primarily based on agriculture, including ranching and cereal grain farming. The Montana Senate is, as of 2021, controlled by Republicans 31 to 19, and the House of Representatives is currently 67 to 33. In the reapportionment following the 2020 census, Montana regained a House seat, increasing the state's number of representatives in the House to two after a thirty-year break, starting from 2023.[318]. Both downhill skiing and cross-country skiing are popular in Montana, and there are 15 developed downhill ski areas open to the public,[278] including: Big Sky Resort and Whitefish Mountain Resort are destination resorts, while the remaining areas do not have overnight lodging at the ski area, though several host restaurants and other amenities. Population (2020) 1,084,225. English is the official language in the state of Montana. Montana and Canada share a 545-mile part of the worlds longest undefended (which means there are no soldiers or armies on either side) border. [177] The combination of warmer weather, attack by beetles, and mismanagement has led to a substantial increase in the severity of forest fires in Montana. Historically, Republicans are strongest in the east, while Democrats are strongest in the west. The state provides epic scenery, crowd-free terrain, a burgeoning food and drink scene, and some of Americas most breathtakingly stunning national parks. [56] As a result, farm sizes increased while the number of farms decreased. There are approximately 3,300,000 acres (13,000km2) of wilderness in 12 separate wilderness areas that are part of the National Wilderness Preservation System established by the Wilderness Act of 1964. [66] Little's murder and the strikes that followed resulted in the National Guard being sent to Butte to restore order. [77] Most of Montana's hundred or more named mountain ranges are in the state's western half, most of which is geologically and geographically part of the northern Rocky Mountains. [23] While the treaty established what later became the Flathead Indian Reservation, trouble with interpreters and confusion over the terms of the treaty led Whites to believe the Bitterroot Valley was opened to settlement, but the tribal nations disputed those provisions. The transcontinental GNR was completed on January 6, 1893, at Scenic, Washington[38] and is known as the Hi Line, being the northern most transcontinental rail line in the United States. [276][277] The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, which protects wildlife habitat and promotes hunting heritage, was founded in Montana. [25], The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke in 1866, on the Missouri River, to protect steamboat traffic to Fort Benton. Each court member served a six-year term. Lewistown is also surrounded by five mountain ranges. MONTANA: 2020 Census Montana Population Topped the 1 Million Mark in 2020 August 25, 2021 Written by: America Counts Staff America Counts today launches a state-by-state look at the demographic changes the new 2020 Census results reveal. The US Department of Agriculture approved the first honey bee vaccine to target American foulbrood, an aggressive bacterial disease. Montana's teacher shortage has improved from the 2021-22 school year. Image: pxfuel 1. This extremely disproportionate ratio of residents paying taxes vs. non-residents using state-funded services and infrastructure makes Montana's resort tax crucial in order to safely maintain heavily used roads and highways, as well as protect and preserve state parks. [131] The stretch of river between Fort Benton and the Fred Robinson Bridge at the western boundary of Fort Peck Reservoir was designated a National Wild and Scenic River in 1976. The Montana Supreme Court struck down the nonpartisan law in 1911 on technical grounds, but a new law was enacted in 1935 which barred political parties from endorsing, making contributions to, or making expenditures on behalf of or against judicial candidates. A second constitutional convention held in Helena in 1884 produced a constitution ratified 3:1 by Montana citizens in November 1884. March 2 March 4, 2023. Billings At least 1,500 Montanans died in the war. [292], As of 2010, Missoula is the 166th largest media market in the United States as ranked by Nielsen Media Research, while Billings is 170th, Great Falls is 190th, the Butte/Bozeman area 191st, and Helena is 206th. Around 1500 Montanans died as a result of the war and 2437 were wounded, also higher than any other state on a per capita basis. [89] It causes the Waterton River, Belly, and Saint Mary rivers to flow north into Alberta, Canada. 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